Cellular & Humoral Immunity

Cellular immunity involves T cells that directly recognize and destroy infected or cancerous cells, while humoral immunity involves B cells producing antibodies that neutralize extracellular pathogens and toxins. Cellular immunity is mediated by cytotoxic T cells that lyse target cells expressing foreign antigens, as well as helper T cells that coordinate the immune response, while humoral immunity relies on antibodies secreted by plasma B cells. The adaptive immune system can generate immunological memory through both cellular and humoral mechanisms, allowing for faster and more robust responses upon re-exposure to a pathogen. Disruptions to the balance between cellular and humoral immunity can lead to autoimmune disorders or increased susceptibility to infections, highlighting the importance of their coordinated functions in maintaining overall health.